Gross job gains
7.84M7,838,000 jobs · +36,000 jobs vs. Q4 2024Behind the headline · Official BLS job flows
Where are jobs being
created and lost?
A net number tells you the result.
The gains and losses tell you what happened underneath.
Employment changes, not hires or layoffs.Private sector · Seasonally adjusted · Not occupation data · No effect on health scores
United States · Q4 2025Latest release covers Q4 2025 · Published July 29, 2026
Gross job losses
7.25M7,245,000 jobs · -251,000 jobs vs. Q4 2024Derived net change
+593K+593,000 jobs · gains minus lossesThis is a retrospective quarterly release, not today’s hiring market. National levels are rounded to the nearest thousand. Job gains do not count all hires; job losses do not identify layoffs.
01 · Four sources of change
One headline. Four moving parts.
Existing establishments expand or contract. Opening and closing establishments add another layer.
Gains at expanding establishments
+6,197,0004.7% of average employmentGains at opening establishments
+1,641,0001.2% of average employmentLosses at contracting establishments
-5,812,0004.4% of average employmentLosses at closing establishments
-1,433,0001.1% of average employmentOpenings can include reactivated establishments; closings can be temporary. Neither is interchangeable with a firm startup or permanent shutdown. Rounded components may differ slightly from the published totals; any difference is shown as a rounding adjustment.
Read exact figures and published rates
| Measure | Jobs | Published rate |
|---|---|---|
| Gross job gains | 7,838,000 | 5.9% |
| Gains at expanding establishments | 6,197,000 | 4.7% |
| Gains at opening establishments | 1,641,000 | 1.2% |
| Gross job losses | 7,245,000 | 5.5% |
| Losses at contracting establishments | 5,812,000 | 4.4% |
| Losses at closing establishments | 1,433,000 | 1.1% |
| Derived net change | +593,000 | +0.4 pp gain-rate minus loss-rate |
02 · Historical perspective
Look beyond a single quarter.
Derived net job change for united states. This chart shows up to twelve quarters ending in the selected period.
23-Q1
23-Q2
23-Q3
23-Q4
24-Q1
24-Q2
24-Q3
24-Q4
25-Q1
25-Q2
25-Q3
25-Q4
Above zero: more jobs gained than lostBelow zero: more jobs lost than gained
Against Q4 2024, gross gains changed by +36,000 jobs and gross losses by -251,000 jobs. Derived net change differs by +287,000 jobs.
Read exact quarterly history
| Quarter | Gross gains | Gross losses | Derived net | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | 7,838,000 | 7,245,000 | +593,000 | |
| Q3 2025 | 7,475,000 | 7,634,000 | -159,000 | |
| Q2 2025 | 7,585,000 | 7,906,000 | -321,000 | |
| Q1 2025 | 7,448,000 | 7,238,000 | +210,000 | |
| Q4 2024 | 7,802,000 | 7,496,000 | +306,000 | |
| Q3 2024 | 7,665,000 | 7,607,000 | +58,000 | |
| Q2 2024 | 7,639,000 | 7,716,000 | -77,000 | |
| Q1 2024 | 7,748,000 | 7,183,000 | +565,000 | |
| Q4 2023 | 7,884,000 | 7,491,000 | +393,000 | |
| Q3 2023 | 7,699,000 | 7,753,000 | -54,000 | |
| Q2 2023 | 8,132,000 | 7,774,000 | +358,000 | |
| Q1 2023 | 8,182,000 | 7,156,000 | +1,026,000 | |
| Q4 2022 | 8,107,000 | 7,619,000 | +488,000 | |
| Q3 2022 | 8,845,000 | 7,483,000 | +1,362,000 | |
| Q2 2022 | 8,341,000 | 7,952,000 | +389,000 | |
| Q1 2022 | 8,558,000 | 6,997,000 | +1,561,000 | |
| Q4 2021 | 9,563,000 | 6,678,000 | +2,885,000 | |
| Q3 2021 | 8,868,000 | 7,381,000 | +1,487,000 | |
| Q2 2021 | 8,204,000 | 7,206,000 | +998,000 | |
| Q1 2021 | 8,328,000 | 6,556,000 | +1,772,000 |
03 · Compare like with like
Where is the balance different?
Every row uses Q4 2025 and the same seasonal basis. Rates help compare markets of different sizes; job counts show scale.
U.S. reference: 5.9% gain rate, 5.5% loss rate, +0.4 pp difference. Rate differences use published one-decimal rates and are approximate. This is not a best-place-to-get-hired ranking.
| State | Gross gains | Gross losses | Derived net | Rate difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30,293 | 23,914 | +6,379 | +2.5 pp | |
| 59,982 | 47,337 | +12,645 | +1.8 pp | |
| 130,511 | 107,896 | +22,615 | +1.2 pp | |
| 83,371 | 70,488 | +12,883 | +1.1 pp | |
| 66,161 | 55,956 | +10,205 | +1.0 pp | |
| 35,942 | 31,534 | +4,408 | +1.0 pp | |
| 176,311 | 146,925 | +29,386 | +1.0 pp | |
| 19,197 | 17,023 | +2,174 | +1.0 pp | |
| 81,954 | 70,010 | +11,944 | +0.9 pp | |
| 251,507 | 212,979 | +38,528 | +0.9 pp | |
| 88,011 | 76,254 | +11,757 | +0.8 pp | |
| 105,062 | 93,120 | +11,942 | +0.7 pp | |
| 1,048,011 | 935,872 | +112,139 | +0.7 pp | |
| 686,824 | 590,952 | +95,872 | +0.7 pp | |
| 196,698 | 174,309 | +22,389 | +0.7 pp | |
| 60,684 | 54,989 | +5,695 | +0.6 pp | |
| 152,488 | 136,139 | +16,349 | +0.6 pp | |
| 48,047 | 44,866 | +3,181 | +0.5 pp | |
| 37,656 | 34,577 | +3,079 | +0.5 pp | |
| 24,570 | 22,853 | +1,717 | +0.5 pp | |
| 142,131 | 129,142 | +12,989 | +0.5 pp | |
| 248,272 | 228,446 | +19,826 | +0.4 pp | |
| 154,915 | 144,379 | +10,536 | +0.4 pp | |
| 68,157 | 62,900 | +5,257 | +0.4 pp | |
| 134,168 | 123,799 | +10,369 | +0.4 pp | |
| 212,322 | 194,752 | +17,570 | +0.4 pp | |
| 276,274 | 251,356 | +24,918 | +0.4 pp | |
| 28,673 | 26,739 | +1,934 | +0.4 pp | |
| 22,937 | 21,717 | +1,220 | +0.4 pp | |
| 95,419 | 90,191 | +5,228 | +0.4 pp | |
| 160,261 | 152,309 | +7,952 | +0.3 pp | |
| 26,090 | 24,274 | +1,816 | +0.3 pp | |
| 213,098 | 202,447 | +10,651 | +0.3 pp | |
| 253,289 | 238,742 | +14,547 | +0.3 pp | |
| 168,354 | 157,310 | +11,044 | +0.3 pp | |
| 26,640 | 25,773 | +867 | +0.2 pp | |
| 519,408 | 498,999 | +20,409 | +0.2 pp | |
| 89,043 | 84,843 | +4,200 | +0.2 pp | |
| 96,274 | 95,441 | +833 | +0.1 pp | |
| 142,428 | 140,940 | +1,488 | +0.1 pp | |
| 41,947 | 41,037 | +910 | +0.1 pp | |
| 81,169 | 80,578 | +591 | 0.0 pp | |
| 22,438 | 22,626 | -188 | 0.0 pp | |
| 278,325 | 277,132 | +1,193 | 0.0 pp | |
| 464,179 | 468,850 | -4,671 | 0.0 pp | |
| 99,479 | 100,214 | -735 | 0.0 pp | |
| 17,567 | 17,872 | -305 | -0.1 pp | |
| 32,720 | 33,626 | -906 | -0.1 pp | |
| 151,319 | 155,471 | -4,152 | -0.2 pp | |
| 37,135 | 37,985 | -850 | -0.2 pp | |
| 169,611 | 174,549 | -4,938 | -0.2 pp |
Selecting a row updates the figures and history above. State figures are not summed into a national estimate. Industry sectors exclude unclassified activity and are not a complete decomposition of the U.S. total. The selector offers state total-private series and national industry series separately.
04 · Evidence, without shortcuts
Know what this can tell you.
Employment changes, not worker movements
BED links employer establishments across quarters using QCEW administrative records. It measures changes between quarter-end employment levels. A business can hire replacements while its job count stays unchanged. A contraction can reflect departures not replaced rather than layoffs. BED is distinct from JOLTS hires and layoffs, QWI worker turnover, Indeed postings and H-1B applications.
Coverage and comparability
These series cover UI-covered private-sector establishments, not government employment or the self-employed, and exclude private households. They are not occupation-level or employer-level listings. Industries and states are independently seasonally adjusted; their sums need not reproduce the published U.S. series. The national and state series do not have identical reporting precision. BLS rounds published rates to one decimal, so a calculated rate difference is approximate.
Revisions, source dates and maintenance
This saved release covers through 2025-12-31, was published by BLS on 2026-07-29, and was downloaded and validated on 2026-10-06T21:30:54.137Z. Historical figures come from this source vintage and can differ from earlier releases. Source availability is not the same as timeliness. Visitors never request BLS files. A scheduled GitHub check produces a validated candidate for publication review; it does not automatically replace the published snapshot.
BED is derived from QCEW, which the site already uses. It is a different lens on related records, not independent confirmation and not a new score input.
BLS definitions and technical note · BLS BED program and latest releaseVerify source files and checksums
bd.seriesSHA-256: ea09556dc0e36a37b3946c56913a2007125e1f61e70938482b64f8768da7a8ed
bd.stateSHA-256: c9ac6e75f4767c84ae18c19faaf7f172c9008a0bc689d7863783563af76a2c83
bd.industrySHA-256: 6dec181f5061346f6e45b95912e99953e3b78c33709d2768fede2362e7d7c144
bd.dataclassSHA-256: 1a912fc027b2679e4dd5da5ebdfc37657ce0aa1b6c12fbf42191d7c3692cd7ba
bd.dataelementSHA-256: 438cbe097ee57146acce647246630cec7de708f3baac3984a191d5555faed089
bd.ratelevelSHA-256: 27373d532ac5c5b292d7d26b3d79db42f36a189d9ea8a4e89d7f31e57f83e156
bd.unitanalysisSHA-256: b7abecb7a52e68ea65308ace9701c9adb5bacdeef090e31826806b19db57a78a
bd.periodicitySHA-256: be7f0c34d8f8f8b4d2e00b6755cfea054230e1f80512912e8a73a3a7e2ef9dca
bd.ownershipSHA-256: 019754faeb0675d78afbf2af62b08923e1fb32a6ffff56dfb3587b2853b5b226
bd.footnoteSHA-256: a1cb15857931e89ce0e0e6a8f202d3070a3474dbe39f79ea869e0b5cc1db83a7
bd.txtSHA-256: a1bed72aac85050643c952bda1f5ea51db25c769e28459ccc2c99eaf40ce35f1
bd.data.0.CurrentSHA-256: 2fdd4906266a50c0d7e9ae8fae4078e9ec6a52a0c77356327cc4f2e13522bba7
cewbd.nr0.htmSHA-256: 70a4e96e3ef1942e2b5cb8c5eed13eac7f074dc5c4ed65a773d30bcd62748506
Reference the figures accurately.
JobMarketHealth, Job Creation & Loss. BLS Business Employment Dynamics, United States, Q4 2025, seasonally adjusted private-sector establishment job flows. Gross job gains 7,838,000; gross job losses 7,245,000; derived net change 593,000. Employment changes, not hires or layoffs. National levels rounded to the nearest thousand. BLS release 2026-07-29; saved source checked 2026-10-06T21:30:54.137Z. https://jobmarkethealth.com/job-flows?area=US&quarter=2025-Q4